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Chillingham cattle
Chillingham cattle a.k.a. Chillingham wild cattle are a breed of cattle that live in a large enclosed park at Chillingham Castle, Northumberland, England. In 2009 the cattle were described as "about 90 animals in Chillingham, which inhabit a very large park that has existed since the Middle Ages".〔BBC Countryfile, 1 November 2009〕 The herd has remained remarkably genetically isolated for hundreds of years, surviving despite inbreeding depression due to the small population.〔Visscher et al.: '' Viable Herd of Genetically Uniform Cattle'', Nature 409 (18 January 2001), p 303〕 There is also a small reserve herd of about 20 animals located on Crown Estate land near Fochabers, North East Scotland.
==Description of cattle==
The Chillingham cattle are related to White Park cattle, in the sense that the Chillingham herd has contributed to the White Park, though there has been no gene flow the other way. Chillingham cattle are small, with upright horns in both males and females. Bulls weigh around 300 kg, cows about 280 kg. They are white with coloured ears (they may also have some colour on feet, nose and around the eyes). In the case of Chillingham cattle, the ear-colour is red – in most White Park animals the ears are black (which is genetically dominant over red in cattle). Chillingham cattle are of generally primitive conformation while White Parks are of classical British beef conformation.
A brief review of academic studies on the Chillingham cattle is available.〔http://chillinghamwildcattle.com/science〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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